Vacuum bellows stop valve with linear valve stem is widely used in vacuum valves. Gate valves are subject to greater restrictions, but for large diameters, ball valves, plunger valves and butterfly valves are also available. Common connection mode of vacuum valve 1. Flange connection is the most used connection mode in valves. According to the shape of the separation surface, it can be divided into the following types:

1)润滑式：用于压力不高的阀门。加工比拟便当2)凹凸式：工作压力较高，可运用中硬垫圈3)榫槽式：可用塑性变形较大的垫圈，在腐蚀性介质中运用较普遍，密封效果较好。4)梯形槽式：用椭圆形金属环作垫圈，运用于工作压力≥64公斤/平方厘米的阀门，或高温阀门。5)透镜式：垫圈是透镜外形，用金属制造。用于工作压力≥100公斤/平方厘米的高压阀门，或高温阀门。6)O形圈式：这是一种较新的法兰衔接方式，它是随着各种橡胶O形圈的呈现，而开展起来的，它在密封效果上比普通平垫圈牢靠。2、螺纹衔接这是一种烦琐的衔接办法，常用于小阀门。又分两种状况：

1) Lubricating type: used for valves with low pressure. Processing is convenient. 2) concave convex type: with high working pressure, medium hard washers can be used. 3) tenon groove type: washers with large plastic deformation can be used. They are widely used in corrosive media, and the sealing effect is good. 4) Trapezoidal groove type: oval metal ring is used as gasket, which is applied to valves with working pressure ≥ 64 kg / cm2, or high temperature valves. 5) Lens type: the washer is a lens shape, made of metal. It is used for high-pressure valves with working pressure ≥ 100 kg / cm2, or high-temperature valves. 6) O-ring type: This is a relatively new flange connection method. It is developed with the appearance of various rubber O-rings. It is more reliable in sealing effect than ordinary flat washers. 2. Thread connection this is a cumbersome connection method, which is often used in small valves. There are two situations:

1)直接密封：内外螺纹直接起密封作用。为了确保衔接处不漏，常常用铅油、线麻和聚四氟乙烯生料带填充;其中聚四氟乙烯生料带，运用日见普遍;这种资料耐腐蚀性能很好，密封效果，运用和保管便当，拆卸时，能够完好地将其取下，由于它是一层无粘性的薄膜，比铅油、线麻优越得多。2)间接密封：螺纹旋紧的力气，传送给两平面间的垫圈，让垫圈起密封作用。3、卡套衔接卡套衔接，在我国近年才开展起来，它的衔接和密封原理是，当旋紧螺母时，卡套遭到压力，使其刃部咬入管子外壁，卡套外锥面又在压力下与接头体内锥面密合，因此可以牢靠地避免走漏。

1) Direct sealing: internal and external threads directly play a sealing role. In order to ensure no leakage at the joint, lead oil, twine and PTFE raw material belt are often used for filling; Among them, PTFE raw material belt is widely used; This kind of material has good corrosion resistance, excellent sealing effect, easy to use and keep. When disassembling, it can be removed intact. Because it is a layer of non sticky film, it is much superior to lead oil and twine. 2) Indirect sealing: the force of thread tightening is transmitted to the gasket between the two planes, so that the gasket plays a sealing role. 3. Ferrule connection ferrule connection has only been carried out in China in recent years. Its connection and sealing principle is that when the nut is tightened, the ferrule is under pressure, so that its blade bites into the outer wall of the pipe, and the outer cone of the ferrule is closely connected with the cone of the joint body under pressure, so leakage can be reliably avoided.

这种衔接方式的优点是：1)体积小，重量轻，构造简单，拆装容易;2)衔接力强，运用范围广，可耐高压(1000公斤/平方厘米)、高温(650℃)和冲击振动;3)能够选用多种资料，合适防腐蚀;4)加工精度请求不高;5)便于高空装置。目前，卡套衔接方式，已在我国某些小口径阀门产品中采用。4、卡箍衔接这是一种快速衔接办法，它只需两个螺栓，适用于经常拆卸的低压阀门。

The advantages of this connection method are: 1) small size, light weight, simple structure, easy disassembly; 2) It has strong cohesion and wide application range, and can withstand high pressure (1000 kg / cm2), high temperature (650 ℃) and impact vibration; 3) Able to select a variety of materials, suitable for corrosion prevention; 4) The machining accuracy is not high; 5) Convenient for high-altitude installation. At present, the ferrule connection method has been adopted in some small-diameter valve products in China. 4. Clamp connection this is a quick connection method, which only needs two bolts, and is suitable for low-pressure valves that are often disassembled.

5、内自紧衔接以上各种衔接方式，都是应用外力来抵消介质压力，完成密封的。内自紧衔接应用介质压力停止自紧的衔接方式。

5. Internal self tightening connection the above connection methods all use external force to offset the medium pressure and complete the sealing. The internal self tightening connection applies the medium pressure to stop the self tightening connection.

它的密封圈装在内锥体处，跟介质相向的一面成一定角度，介质压力传给内锥体，又传送给密封圈，在一定角度的锥面上，产生两个分力，一个与阀体线平行向外，另一个压向阀体内壁。后面这个分力便是自紧力。介质压力愈大，自紧力也愈大。所以这种衔接方式，合适于高压阀门。它比法兰衔接，要俭省许多资料和人力，但也需求一定的预紧力，以便在阀内压力不高时，运用牢靠。应用自严密封原理做成的阀门，普通是高压阀门。阀门衔接的方式还很多，例如有的不用撤除的小阀门，跟管子焊接在一同;有的非金属阀门，采用承插式衔接等，要依据详细状况详细看待。

Its sealing ring is installed at the inner cone at a certain angle with the side opposite to the medium. The medium pressure is transmitted to the inner cone and then to the sealing ring. On the cone at a certain angle, two components are generated, one is parallel to the centerline of the valve body outward, and the other is pressed towards the inner wall of the valve body. The latter component is self tightening force. The greater the medium pressure, the greater the self tightening force. Therefore, this connection method is suitable for high-pressure valves. Compared with flange connection, it saves a lot of data and manpower, but it also requires a certain preload, so that it can be used reliably when the pressure in the valve is not high. Valves made of self sealing principle are generally high-pressure valves. There are many ways to connect valves. For example, some small valves that do not need to be removed are welded with pipes; Some non-metallic valves adopt socket connection, etc., which should be treated in detail according to the detailed situation.

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